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Plentiful food has made it easier than ever before to survive and reproduce in many parts of the world, so it's tempting to think that our species has stopped evolving. But a controversial new study says that isn't so. Far from slowing down, human evolution has sped up in the past 40,000 years and has become 100 times faster in the past 5000 years alone, according to the analysis. This means that even though some people have been globe-trotters who interbreed, most humans on different continents are becoming more different, rather than blending together into one genetically homogenous race.

In the current study, a team of researchers led by paleoanthropologist Henry Harpending of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City analyzed DNA from 270 individuals in the International HapMap Project, an effort to identify variations in human genes that cause disease. The team searched for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)--mutations in an allele that spread throughout a population--and scanned sequence data from Europeans, Africans, and Asians. The researchers searched for SNPs that were flanked by tens of thousands of bases of identical DNA in many individuals in a population, because this suggests that the mutation is advantageous and under recent selection pressure to be preserved in a lineage.