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tech / sci.physics.relativity / Photons or waves? The basis for FO transmission tells you how to think.

SubjectAuthor
* Photons or waves? The basis for FO transmission tells you how to think.Richard Hertz
`* Re: Photons or waves? The basis for FO transmission tells you how to think.Richard Hertz
 `* Cretin Richard Hertz clearly doesn't undestand the wave-particle dualityDono.
  `- Re: Cretin Richard Hertz clearly doesn't undestand the wave-particle dualityRichard Hertz

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Photons or waves? The basis for FO transmission tells you how to think.

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Subject: Photons or waves? The basis for FO transmission tells you how to think.
From: hertz...@gmail.com (Richard Hertz)
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 by: Richard Hertz - Tue, 17 Aug 2021 22:43 UTC

Out of thousands available, I choose this link to prove how the industry of
fiber optics explain why wave behavior is used to develop devices that
provide the internet bandwidth that you are enjoying while reading this.

Fiber Optics: Understanding the Basics

https://www.photonics.com/Articles/Fiber_Optics_Understanding_the_Basics/a25151

In this long tutorial, only once the word photon is used (multiphoton). But
wave, wavelength, waveguide or beam of light is used very often, along
with the classical properties of waves traveling through a media (FO).

I'm not denying the existence of photons but only reaffirming that the
concept of photon (since 1900's quantums of action) is artificial, and is
only a construction to be used when a short burst of EM energy is employed.

And this is a convenience, because there is not an easy to remember and
compact way to mathematically use the structure of a burst of waves, but
the simplicity of thinking in terms of E = n.h.f is absolute. But photons
have to be thought as such with care, remembering that its origin is
rooted on the lower limit of energy carried by an EM wave, which is the
basis of the seminal paper that the father of QM, Planck, published in Jan
1901, after presenting it to his peers at the GSP on December 27, 1900.

That date is considered as the birth of quantum mechanics.

So, one have to be careful about fanatics that talk about things like
"photon gas", "no wavelengths in photons", etc. Remember that it's a
mental simplification (like E =m.c²) to make understanding more easy
by discretizing burst of EM wave with a simple equation.

The entire article, a synthesis of the theories behind FO communications, uses the concept of beam of light, wave behavior and phenomena within a FO, like attenuation, reflection, scattering, etc, etc.

Excerpt from the site:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Modes
When light is guided down a fiber (as microwaves are guided down a waveguide), phase shifts occur at every reflective boundary. There is a finite discrete number of paths down the optical fiber (known as modes) that produce constructive (in phase and therefore additive) phase shifts that reinforce the transmission. Because each mode occurs at a different angle to the fiber axis as the beam travels along the length, each one travels a different length through the fiber from the input to the output.

Only one mode, the zero-order mode, travels the length of the fiber without reflections from the sidewalls. This is known as a single-mode fiber. The actual number of modes that can be propagated in a given optical fiber is determined by the wavelength of light and the diameter and index of refraction of the core of the fiber.

Attenuation
Signals lose strength as they are propagated through the fiber; this is known as beam attenuation. Attenuation is measured in decibels (dB) with the relation:

A(db) = 10.log (Pin/Pout)

where Pin and Pout refer to the optical power going into and coming out of the fiber. The table below shows the power typically lost in a fiber for several values of attenuation in decibels.

The attenuation of an optical fiber is wavelength dependent. At the extremes of the transmission curve, multiphoton absorption predominates. Attenuation is usually expressed in dB/km at a specific wavelength. Typical values range from 10 dB/km for step-index fibers at 850 nm to a few tenths of a dB/km for single-mode fibers at 1550 nm.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Re: Photons or waves? The basis for FO transmission tells you how to think.

<f02191f3-2e6c-495a-bf9a-675edf4f0245n@googlegroups.com>

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Subject: Re: Photons or waves? The basis for FO transmission tells you how to think.
From: hertz...@gmail.com (Richard Hertz)
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 by: Richard Hertz - Wed, 18 Aug 2021 03:01 UTC

There is a very important development in the last 25 years in the field of fiber optics communication, which is called WDM
for Wave Division Multiplexing (no photons).

With the development and manufacturing of very high quality FO by 1994 (mainly by Fujitsu), monomode FO with attenuations
lower than 0.5 dB/km for 1310 nm sources, 0.4 dB/ for 1550 nm started to being used in long haul (like intercontinental undersea)
links, allowing segments from 100 to 1,000 Km (Alcatel) without optical regeneration (amplification).

At the same time, higly stable and tunable photoemitters were developed by using WDM in two flavors: CWDM AND DWDM.

The later, DWDM (Dense WDM), allowed as much as 128 narrowly separated channels in the 1550 nm third window (the better),
to be modulated and transmitted on a single monomode FO, by using higly stable IR laser diodes and sensitive photodiode detectors.

This method, with each optical wavelength modulated at 5 or 10 Gbps, boosted the capacity of a single FO up to 1 Terabit/sec,
by using precise multiplexing and demultiplexing of individual narrow light channels in a pack of light beams, by using hitech
prisms

As of today, strictly normalized by ITU-T standards, two bands in the 1525–1565 nm range (C band), or 1570–1610 nm range
(L band), allow technologies that provides channels width of 0.2nm, 0.4nm and 0.8 nm (100, 50 and 25 Ghz bandwidth). Links
with up to 160 channels at 100 Gbps each provide FO systems over a single FO pair and more than 16 Terabits/sec. Systems
doubling that capacity using 12.5 GHz channel spacing are about to be deployed.

These systems are what allow the incredible capacity of the backbone of the Internet to carry millions of TV channels on a
single link, which is revolutionizing the old concept of TV networks, satellite TV, etc., allowing that an increasing number of
content providers enter into the on-demand business (Netflix, Amazon, Disney, HBO, etc.), challenging the domination of the
older ones.

To complete this post, I'll mention just one more device, which is the ADM (Add and Drop Multiplexer). With these devices,
a single terrestrial or submarine cable can have multiple intermediate posts, at which every city or country can drop and
insert single or multiple DWDM so, the cost of such systems is spread into the members of a consortium that build the cable.

With light traveling at about 210,000 Km/sec within a monomode FO as WAVES, a phenomena of delay for each wavelength
takes place (among many other degradations and impairements). It takes a precise manufacturing of highly stable and pure
components to make the system work and evolve even more.

And all of these in the realm of EM waves, with almost no place for the word "photon". Even when this happens, the industry
is in the range of photonics, a generalization for the use of light under a compact name.

And, with no pun intended, as each channel travels at a different speed of light in the medium, I wonder if relativity apply with
two observers mounted on two different beams of light (colors). How would work the time dilation stuff?

Cretin Richard Hertz clearly doesn't undestand the wave-particle duality

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Subject: Cretin Richard Hertz clearly doesn't undestand the wave-particle duality
From: eggy2001...@gmail.com (Dono.)
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 by: Dono. - Wed, 18 Aug 2021 03:41 UTC

On Tuesday, August 17, 2021 at 8:01:04 PM UTC-7, Richard Hertz wrote:
>
> How would work the time dilation stuff?

This is not even a coherent sentence, imbecile.

Re: Cretin Richard Hertz clearly doesn't undestand the wave-particle duality

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Subject: Re: Cretin Richard Hertz clearly doesn't undestand the wave-particle duality
From: hertz...@gmail.com (Richard Hertz)
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 by: Richard Hertz - Wed, 18 Aug 2021 05:02 UTC

On Wednesday, August 18, 2021 at 12:41:59 AM UTC-3, Dono. wrote:
> On Tuesday, August 17, 2021 at 8:01:04 PM UTC-7, Richard Hertz wrote:
> >
> > How would work the time dilation stuff?
> This is not even a coherent sentence, imbecile.

Try to mount on one wave at 229,314 Km/sec, while your buddy mounts on another
at 230,425 Km/sec in an DWDM multi-beam traveling onto a monomode FO (your
pagan god did this thought experiment when he was 15).

How do your imaginary light clock relates to the other's one? Any time dilation or contraction?

Cretin.

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