On Friday, May 6, 2022 at 8:11:30 PM UTC-4, Daud Deden wrote:
> On Friday, May 6, 2022 at 7:41:41 PM UTC-4, Daud Deden wrote:
> > On Friday, May 6, 2022 at 7:01:22 PM UTC-4, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > On Sunday, February 20, 2022 at 10:30:32 AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > On Saturday, February 19, 2022 at 7:46:00 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > > On Wednesday, February 16, 2022 at 9:03:01 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > > > On Wednesday, February 16, 2022 at 8:06:21 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > > > > On Tuesday, February 15, 2022 at 7:10:35 AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > > > > > On Tuesday, February 15, 2022 at 1:17:17 AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > > > > > > On Tuesday, February 15, 2022 at 12:13:25 AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > On Monday, February 14, 2022 at 9:06:47 AM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > > On Sunday, February 13, 2022 at 10:12:46 PM UTC-5, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > > > On Sunday, February 13, 2022 at 8:13:17 AM UTC-5, Tim Lang wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > > > > On 13.02.2022 12:51, Daud Deden wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > >Entrench/entrance/internal/endura-ndula under
> > > > > > > > > > > > > >Entre entour into(r)
> > > > > > > > > > > > > (I) INTER/INTRA
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > entre < Latin inter "between"/"among"/"in the midst of", along with
> > > > > > > > > > > > > preposition & adverb intra (from intera) "inside/within, in the
> > > > > > > > > > > > > interior" &c.
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > inter's kinship, inter alia: Engl. under, Germ. unter, Goth undar,
> > > > > > > > > > > > > Sanscrit antar.
> > > > > > > > > > > > Antara.bangsa@Mly: inter.national
> > > > > > > > > > > > Induerre@Ltn: to put on, interlay?
> > > > > > > > > > > > > (ii) INDURARE, INDURAT-
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > Whereas endur- is something else: Latin in- + duro, indurare
> > > > > > > > > > > > > "(getting, making etc) hard, dure" ("making dour"); compare Latin
> > > > > > > > > > > > > durus, dura, durum "hard; rough", which > French dur/-e and vb.
> > > > > > > > > > > > > endurer, Ital duro. Cf. Sanscr. daruna "hard, rough".
> > > > > > > > > > > > ngduatlua ngDuAtLU(n)A ngDUatLA
> > > > > > > > > > > > Induerre@Ltn: to put on durable skin/rough outerwear/shield-shell
> > > > > > > > > > > > > forms: indurare, induravi, past participle as adjective induratus,
> > > > > > > > > > > > > indurata, induratum (e.g. "hardened"). Hence duress, dour ("harsh,"
> > > > > > > > > > > > > "stern), endure/-ing, -ance; Ital. grano duro "durum wheat" &c
> > > > > > > > > > > > > (esp in Romance languages, with even more meanings, e.g. in Romanian
> > > > > > > > > > > > > îndurare "mercy", i.e. begging for it, getting it).
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > French/English/Hispanic en-/em- are mere new Romance forms for the
> > > > > > > > > > > > > Latin in-, namely in western areas of the Romance world ("Romania").
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > (iii) DURARE, DURATIO
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > And the other, related, "family" based on Latin durare with
> > > > > > > > > > > > > a primordial meaning referring to time: hence Engl. "duration".
> > > > > > > > > > > > Endura@Mbuti: the people within the home = family intergenerational
> > > > > > > > > > > > Etxe@Bsq: the people within the home = family intergenerational
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > (iv) UNDA, UNDULAT-
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > OTOH, undulatus, undulata, undulatum "making/having/showing waves-like
> > > > > > > > > > > > > something", <= Lat. unda "wave". Unda & undula have nothing to do with
> > > > > > > > > > > > > indur- > endur-. Unda's IE kinship: Sanscr. ud-, und-, referring to
> > > > > > > > > > > > > being "wet", hence, uda "water;" Old Engl. ydhu "wave"; Slav. voda
> > > > > > > > > > > > > "water"; Greek ὕδωρ, ὑάδες (compare Latin udor); Goth. vatō "water";
> > > > > > > > > > > > > etc, incl. Gr. & "international": (h)ydr-a/o-. For Lat. unda: Hispania
> > > > > > > > > > > > > Romance and Italian onda, French onde, Romanian unda, Lithuanian udens
> > > > > > > > > > > > > etc.
> > > > > > > > > > > > atl@Azt: water
> > > > > > > > > > > > *wahir@OMly: water
> > > > > > > > > > > > (njamb)uangduatlua ATL UNDA WAngd(H)iA
> > > > > > > > > > > > > (v) TRENCH - trancher, tranchier, tranche
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > entrench is made of prefix en- + word: trench < French trenchier "to
> > > > > > > > > > > > > cut" > trench ("ditch");
> > > > > > > > > > > > Drainage {s}Tren(it)ch D(ren)itch .s.trict/s.ect/intersect/interest/spec.ies Streams cut through land
> > > > > > > > > > > > tranche "portion, section" of sth., from Fr.
> > > > > > > > > > > > > trancher "cut a slice (etc)" > even in German tran(s)chieren "cut in
> > > > > > > > > > > > > pieces: esp. boiled/roasted fowl", i.e. "to partition", to make por-
> > > > > > > > > > > > > tions out of one <corpus>. And also the French-German notion
> > > > > > > > > > > > > die Tranche "installment/rate" ie, "part of a series of actions,
> > > > > > > > > > > > > esp. in payments" (pay/ment installment).
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > Tim
> > > > > > > > > > > > Thanks, great. Add this:
> > > > > > > > > > > > Sevivon@Hbr: swing/swivel, Semitic root sbb ("to turn")
> > > > > > > > > > > > Vibra.te/wobble/{xyUAmBuatL}/w.eb(b)/weave(over-under/ndula)/wavy/undula
> > > > > > > > > > > Quibble
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Seems obvious to me that the derived forms mentioned above stemmed from the root familiarity of the family shelter, its texture, its form, its construction traits. If you are weaving wicker into a shelter, you can't use hand gestures to communicate, but you can vocalize freely, and vice versa. The word Unda came not from the sea but from the over-under handweaving of twigs to make a durable family home with a roomy interior, ndula, imo.
> > > > > > > > > > Initially, only words relative to early human interactions existed. Mountains, rivers, sun/moon evolved from more basal terms.
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > To cut is to enter between. Endura/ndula in two, en- duo, in- dual. To enter between the shield and the ground, thus interior
> > > > > > > > > > En- trench, entre-
> > > > > > > > > > Entrance ~ entrench
> > > > > > > > > Malay ascend/descend naik/turun
> > > > > > > > > To enter domeshield, one tilted it up and descended into the center
> > > > > > > > > EnDURa-nDULa/inTERNa/TURuN
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Interestingly, 'center' reflects a po.inter which enters a t.ent as a NeeDLE (NDuLA), or skin as a spl.INTeR.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > center (n.)
> > > > > > > > > late 14c., "middle point of a circle; point round which something revolves," from Old French centre (14c.), from Latin centrum "center," originally the fixed point of the two points of a drafting compass (hence "the center of a circle"), from Greek kentron "sharp point, goad, sting of a wasp," from kentein "stitch," from PIE root *kent- "to prick" (source also of Breton kentr "a spur," Welsh cethr "nail," Old High German hantag "sharp, pointed").
> > > > > > > > When the Mbuti and Baka women build their mong(u/o)lu dome huts they gather ngongo leaves for shingles, they slit the woody stems clothespin-like and hang them from the wicker frame. What are their terms for this? Pin? (M/b)end? P.ndula?(pendulum) dalam@Mly: inside vs diluar: outside; pintu@Mly: frame-hung door. Undula wavy weaving.
> > > > > > > > Need word lists!!
> > > > > > > I've found none of Pygmy words.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Pin, needle, arrow, dart, thorn, spine in Aztec
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Thorn maguey spine; thorn: huitztli
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > their spine; their thorn: inhitzio
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > huitzmallotl azt: sewing needle
> > > > > > > iztitl nail
> > > > > > > arrow; bolt; dart; spear mitl
> > > > > > > arrow; dart; reed acatl
> > > > > > > peg , stake: tlaxichtli
> > > > > > > Gate: otl
> > > > > > > they hang it: quipipiloa
> > > > > > Thus possibly Azt used -itzi/-izti/-ichtli to mean po.int.er, rather than inte-/endu-ra.
> > > > > > Note that the Aztecs had migrated far from the tropical forests of central Africa, and used various materials for their shelters.
> > > > > Basque ezten sting, izten awl
> > > > > Azt iztitl nail
> > > > > Basque azkazal nail
> > > > > Azt acatl arrow dart
> > > > >
> > > > > Basque Oscol treebark, shell
> > > > > Basque sabel belly (Xy)uA(m)BELe
> > > > > > Igloo@Innuit and mongolu@Mbuti both retain the original sense and sound of "enclose/enclothe", igloo has no aboveground doorway, thus is closer to the original domeshield enclosure. Mongolu may have replaced (ua)ngolu when doorway & hearth were added, changing the transportable domeshield-coracle to the sedentary dome hut. This would explain why a coracle in India is called harigolu, not harimongolu, people had moved from Africa to India *before* inventing dome huts with internal hearths cf Mount Toba.
> > > Cwrwgl@Welsh: coracle
> > > Corita: coracle/bullboat used on Colorado River by Amerindians (via Spn corona/cordita?)
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I am still searching for the words used by the Pygmy women to describe their leaf pinning.
> > > > !ai @ !kung San bushmen, Ju/wasi "!ai" digging stick
> > > >
> > > > Tschu @ The dome grass hut or "tshu", such as those of the Ju/wasi (San "bushmen") is probably one of the oldest shelters used by humans
> > > >
> > > > <https://books.google.nl/books?id=rtHR8_gK_WwC&lpg=PA164&hl=nl&pg=PA14#v=
> > Loom as noun and verb appear to link as up and down/over-under motion of weaving/waving of ships
> >
> > Compare (mon)golu to geloma/lama/loom and harigolu@Indic: coracle weaving, as finger-hand-needle tool, also cf pendulum cf penis, pintu-pintle-s.pin
> >
> > loom (n.)
> > weaving machine, early 13c. shortening of Old English geloma "utensil, tool," from ge-, perfective prefix, + -loma, an element of unknown origin (compare Old English andloman (plural) "apparatus, article of furniture"). Originally "implement or tool of any kind" (as in heirloom); thus, "the penis" (c. 1400-1600). Specific meaning "a machine in which yarn or thread is woven into fabric" is from c. 1400.
> >
> > loom (v.)
> > 1540s, "to come into view largely and indistinctly," of uncertain origin. According to OED perhaps from a Scandinavian or Low German source (compare dialectal Swedish loma, East Frisian lomen "move slowly"), which is perhaps from the root of lame (adj.). Early used also of ships moving up and down. Figurative use from 1590s. Related: Loomed; looming
> I suspect links to elementum@Ltn, ex liman/eliminate: off threshold, and limit/bounds
> https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/elementum#Latin

Sub.liminal
From Latin līminālis, from līmen (“doorstep, threshold; doorway, entrance; beginning, commencement”)[1] + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns). Līmen is possibly derived from līmus (“askew; sideways”) [DD: lift/tilt for egress](possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l- (“to bend, bow; elbow”)) + -men (suffix forming neuter nouns of the third declension) (from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ (suffix forming action nouns or result nouns from verbs)).

Limit
Middle English limit, from Old French limit, from Latin līmes (“a cross-path or balk between fields, hence a boundary, boundary line or wall, any path or road, border, limit”

Laminate
laminate (v.)
1660s, "to beat or roll into thin plates," from Latin lamina "thin piece of metal or wood, thin slice, plate, leaf, layer," a word of unknown origin; de Vaan writes that "The only serious etymology offered is a connection with latus 'wide'