On Tuesday, May 16, 2023 at 9:26:14 PM UTC+5:30, a425couple wrote:
> Of course you have to use something like artificial intelligence, to
> learn, then make decisions. The time lag for communications makes
> it impossible for it to wait for human command to make any movement.
>
> from
> https://www.space.com/artificial-intelligence-chatgpt-mars
>
> ChatGPT on Mars: How AI can help scientists study the Red Planet
>
> By Leonard David published 2 days ago
> "This is not trivial. It is not just a paper. It is about who we really
> want to become as a species."
>
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> Comments (6)
> robots on Mars
> Could robots on Mars be supercharged with AI to perform on-the-spot
> research, relaying their discoveries in real-time? (Image credit:
> NASA/JPL-Caltech)
> The world is abuzz, perhaps even befuddled, about the growing use of
> artificial intelligence. One of the most popular artificial intelligence
> (AI) tools available to the public today is ChatGPT, an AI-powered
> language model that has been "trained" and fed vast amounts of online
> information. After taking all that in, ChatGPT can regurgitate
> human-like text responses to a given prompt. It can respond to queries,
> discuss a lot of topics and crank out pieces of writing.
>
> It isn't difficult to imagine a robot wheeling and dealing on the
> surface of Mars, factory-wired with ChatGPT or a similar artificial
> intelligence language model. This smartbot could be loaded with a suite
> of science devices. It could analyze what its scientific instruments are
> finding "on-the-spot," perhaps even collating any evidence of past life
> it uncovers nearly instantly.
>
> That data could be digested, assessed, appraised and assembled in some
> scientific form. The product, in well-paginated condition, with
> footnotes to boot, could then be transmitted directly from the robot to
> a scientific journal, like Science or Nature, for publication. Of
> course, that paper would then be peer reviewed — maybe by AI/ChatGPT
> reviewers. Sound far-fetched?
>
> I reached out to several leading researchers, presenting this off-Earth,
> on-Mars scenario, with a variety of reactions in return.
>
> Related: Artificial intelligence could help hunt for life on Mars and
> other alien worlds
>
> Click here for more Space.com videos...
> CLOSE
>
> Prone to hallucination
> "It could be done but there could be misleading information," said
> Sercan Ozcan, Reader in Innovation and Technology Management at the
> University of Portsmouth in the United Kingdom. "ChatGPT is not 100%
> accurate and it is prone to 'hallucination.'"
>
> Ozcan said he's not sure if ChatGPT would be valuable if there is no
> prior volume of work for it to analyze and emulate. "I believe humans
> can still do better work than ChatGPT, even if it is slower," he said.
>
> His advice is to not use ChatGPT "in areas where we cannot accept any
> error."
>
> Humans in the loop
> Steve Ruff, associate research professor at Arizona State University's
> School of Earth and Space Exploration in Tempe, Arizona, is keenly tied
> to studying Mars.
>
> "My immediate reaction is that it's highly unlikely that 'on-the-spot'
> manuscripts would be a realistic scenario given how the process involves
> debates among the team over the observations and their interpretation,"
> Ruff said. "I'm skeptical that any AI, trained on existing observations,
> could be used to confidently interpret new observations without humans
> in the loop, especially with new instrument datasets that have not been
> available previously. Every such dataset requires painstaking efforts to
> sort out."
>
> For the near term, Ruff thinks AI could be used for rover operations,
> like picking targets to observe without humans in the loop, and for
> navigation.
>
> NASA's Ingenuity Mars helicopter, photographed by the agency's
> Perseverance rover on April 16, 2023. The rover captured this
> enhanced-color image using its Mastcam-Z instrument.
>
> NASA's Ingenuity Mars helicopter, photographed by the agency's
> Perseverance rover on April 16, 2023. Ingenuity has been used as a
> 'scout' to help identify locations for Perseverance to study. (Image
> credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS)
> First things first
> In what world do we want to live?
>
> Perhaps that is the strongest question, said Nathalie Cabrol, Director
> of the Carl Sagan Center for Research at the SETI Institute in Mountain
> View, California.
>
> "First things first," Cabrol said. "AI is a formidable tool and should
> be used as such to support humans in their activity. We actually do that
> already every day, in one form or another," she added, "and improved
> versions might make things better."
>
> On the other hand, like any human tools, they are double-edged swords
> and sometimes lead people to start thinking "nonsense," Cabrol added,
> and she believes that to be the case here.
>
> "I do personally like writing papers. It is a great time where I see my
> work coming to fruition and can put my ideas together on paper," Cabrol
> said, and sees that as an important part of her creative process.
>
> "But let's assume for a moment that I let this algorithm write it for
> me. Then, I am being told that it's okay because the paper will be
> reviewed," Cabrol said. "But by whom? I would assume that if you let
> algorithms do the job for you it's because you assume they will be less
> biased and do a better job? Following that logic, I would assume that a
> human is not qualified to review that paper."
>
> Specters of "transhumanism"
> Cabrol senses that a next question is: Where do we stop? What if all
> researchers ask AI to write their research grant proposals? What if they
> do and don't tell?
>
> "This depends in which world you want to live and what part you want
> left to humanity," Cabrol said. "We are creative beings and we are not
> perfect," she continued, "but we learn from our mistakes and that's part
> of our evolution. Mistake and learning are other words for
> 'adaptation'," she said.
>
> By letting AI getting into what makes us human, we are messing with our
> own evolution, Cabrol added, and she sees specters of "transhumanism" in
> all of this. Transhumanism can be defined as a loose ideological
> movement united by the belief that the human race can evolve beyond its
> current physical and mental limitations, especially by means of science
> and technology.
>
> "Of course, that's not a chip in our brain and that's only a paper, you
> will say. Unfortunately, it is part of a much broader, and very
> disturbing, discourse on the (mis) use of AI," Cabrol concluded. "This
> is not trivial. It is not just a paper. It is about who we really want
> to become as a species. Personally, I see AI useful as a tool, and I
> will confine it as that."
>
> Knowledge cutoff
> "How funny that we still argue about the definition of life as we know
> it, and we're starting to use a tool in that search that also stretches
> the definition of life," said Amy Williams, assistant professor in
> Geological Sciences at the University of Florida in Gainesville. She is
> a participating scientist on the NASA Curiosity and Perseverance rover
> missions that have robots scouting about on Mars.
>
> Williams reacted to the AI-ChatGPT off-world setting in full disclosure
> mode. "The first time I used ChatGPT was in preparing for this response,
> asking it: 'What organic molecules have the Mars rovers found?' The
> question was based on my particular field of expertise," she told
> Space.com.
>
> The Perseverance rover on the surface of Mars
>
> Perseverance rover on the surface of Mars. (Image credit:
> NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS)
> "It was illuminating in that it did a great job providing me with
> statements that I would describe as robust and appropriate for a summary
> that I could give in an outreach talk to the general public about
> organic molecules on Mars," said Williams.
>
> But it also demonstrated to Williams its limitation in that it could
> only access data from, in her case, September 2021 — flagging it as a
> "knowledge cutoff."
>
> "So its responses did not encompass the full breadth of published
> results about organics on Mars that I know about since 2021," she said.
>
> Emphasizing that she is not a specialist in AI or machine learning,
> Williams said that future iterations of ChatGPT + AI will likely be able
> to incorporate more recent data and generate a complete synthesis of the
> recent results from any given scientific exploration.
>
> "However, I still see these as tools to use in step with humans, instead
> of in place of humans," Williams remarked. "Given the limitations in
> data uplink and downlink with our current Deep Space Network, it is
> difficult for me to see a way to upload the knowledge base for something
> as complex as, for example, the current and historic data and context
> for the sources, sinks, and fates of organic molecules on Mars so that
> the onboard AI could generate a manuscript for publication," she said.
>
> Putting it into context
> RELATED STORIES:
> — How artificial intelligence is helping us explore the solar system
>
> — Machine learning spots 8 potential technosignatures
>
> — Tricky alien worlds easier to find when humans and machines team up
>
> Williams views cutting edge planetary research as something that
> requires "retrospection, introspection and prospection." We push forward
> the boundaries of science by considering options, she added, that have
> never before been considered.
>
> "Right now, my experience with ChatGPT showed me it is great at a
> literature search and turning that information into, effectively, an
> annotated bibliography. It could certainly save me time in looking up
> fundamental knowledge. It told me what we already know — and typed it up
> very nicely! — but it was not anything that any Mars organic
> geochemistry graduate student couldn't tell me."
>
> In the end, Williams said that while ChatGPT + AI is a powerful tool
> that can positively augment the process of conveying information and new
> discoveries, "I don't see it replacing the human-driven process of
> synthesizing new information and putting it into context to generate new
> insights into science. However, if every AI sci-fi movie I've seen is
> predictive of the future, I may be wrong!"
>
> Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions,
> night sky and more! And if you have a news tip, correction or comment,
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> Leonard David
> Leonard David
> Space Insider Columnist
> Leonard David is an award-winning space journalist who has been
> reporting on space activities for more than 50 years. Currently writing
> as Space.com's Space Insider Columnist among his other projects, Leonard
> has authored numerous books on space exploration, Mars missions and
> more, with his latest being "Moon Rush: The New Space Race" published in
> 2019 by National Geographic. He also wrote "Mars: Our Future on the Red
> Planet" released in 2016 by National Geographic. Leonard has served as
> a correspondent for SpaceNews, Scientific American and Aerospace America
> for the AIAA. He was received many awards, including the first Ordway
> Award for Sustained Excellence in Spaceflight History in 2015 at the AAS
> Wernher von Braun Memorial Symposium. You can find out Leonard's latest
> project at his website and on Twitter.
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